Wasserlab solves particular needs for every customer, related to filtration, and depending on the characteristics of the feed water or the requirements of the output water.
Filtration is understood as a protection of Nanofiltration Systems, Reverse Osmosis, water Purification equipment, machines and processes which require water free of suspended solids.
- In Line sediment filters: In line sediment filters with different pore size (20 - 0.35 microns) and length (10” – 20”), with automatic purge system for low flows.
- High capacity automatic filters: suitable for the elimination of waters with high content of suspended solids and high flow, with automatic auto cleaning systems
Softeningof hard water is used as a unique treatment or as a previous treatment to other later purification stages.
It is used as a protection of any hydraulic system likely to precipitate salts due to the high hardness of water:
Machine and industrial processes supply
Boilers supply
Water purification systems supply
Hardness of water is mainly determined by the amount of Calcium and Magnesium salts. Among the most undesirable effects of hard water is the formation of salt crusts, which deposit on the facilities, leading to fillings and malfunctions.
In order to eliminate hardness from water, automatic softeners with resin exchange are used. The softener is designed according to the hardness of feed water and the volume to be treated:
Compact softener : capacity between 0,2 – 1,2 m3/h.
Two-body softener and Duplex for high flow (up to 25 m3/h).
Hardness measurement: water hardness testing kit. It allows control of the decalcification degree or the hardness of the water to be treated.
In Spain, hardness of water is usually measured in French Degree (ºF). HARDNESS OF WATER – UNITS
Equivalence between the different hardness measurements units is:
|
French Degree (ºF) |
German Degree(ºdH) |
English Degree |
mg/l Ca CO3 |
mg/l HCO3 |
mg/l Ca2+ |
|
1 |
0,562 |
0,699 |
10 |
12,2 |
4,01 |
Production of unchlorinated water with a minimum content of organic material.
Protection for reverse osmosis systems and other water purification systems.
- Line filters (10 and 20 inches)
- High capacity automatic filters (0,5 – 20 m3/h)
Filters for chloride elimination for high filtration volumes, with automatic auto cleaning programmer.
Filters with specific applications, both for laboratories and processes.
a. Micro filtration
b. Ultra filtration
c. Final filters(0,45 µm, 0,2 µm)
d. Nano filtration
a. Micro filtration
Filtration through membranes with pore size between 0,1µm- 10 µm.
Microfiltration is indicated for clarifying waters with particles bigger than 0,1 µm and for bacteria elimination.
They are used in different fields, such as:
- Drinks and pharmaceutical products sterilization
- Drinks clarification
- Effluents treatment, such as pre-treatment for nano filtration systems and reverse osmosis
b. Ultra filtration
Ultra filtration is filtration upper stage to Micro filtration, using membranes with pore size between 0,01 µm– 0,1 µm.
Ultra filtration has many applications:
- Industrial: Liquids clarification and bacteria elimination from all type of industrial processes.
- Prefiltration: It’s used as a pre-treatment to the nanofiltration and reverse osmosis systems, increasing their life
- Elimination of DNAsas, Nucleases and endotoxins: There are special ultra filters for the elimination of these substances from the water finally produced by purification systems, when this is required for specific experimental techniques.
c. Final filters 0,45 – 0,2 µm
Filters used for final filtration before pure water dispensation.
They are used when there are microbiological requirements of the final water.
d. Nanofiltration
Nanofiltration systems are applied in water purification with partial elimination of dissolved salts (water softening, DQO reduction, micro contaminants elimination, nitrates, sulphates, pesticides and other organic molecules elimination) and also as a previous step to reverse osmosis systems.
The advantage of this process is that working pressures are lower and have a high performance, which sometimes leads to considering it as an alternative to the reverse osmosis.